Evidence: Alphabetical
- Customary international law is unstable and has been slowly eroding navigational rights -- ratifying UNCLOS will provide stability
- Climate change activists could gain even if they don't ultimately prevail in court by using ITLOS forum to put more pressure on US
- Climate change activists looking forward to having venue of ITLOS tribunal to bring climate change suits against US
- Convention principles of freedom of navigation,likely to be abrogated by nations when it is in their best interest and many already have
- Chaos predicted by proponents of UNCLOS if the U.S. didn't sign has not appeared in last few decades
- China's use of lawfare to constrain US naval action may be precursor to how they will attempt same in outer space
- China's excessive maritime claims are directly analogous to its emerging claims for vertical sovereignty in space, a trend the US must not leave unchallenged
- China's vertical sovereignty argument has no basis in outer space treaty law and has been rejected before
- Customary international law lacks the certainty and stability needed for military and commercial activities
- China using US non accession to UNCLOS against it in its strategy to gain control over territory in South China Sea
- Current U.S. national maritime strategy recognizes need to focus on a cooperative approach to security
- Current US arctic policy directive, initiated by President Bush, is to abide by UNCLOS until US is able to ratify it
- CLCS process flawed by its secretive nature that prevents thorough examination of claims
- China views maritime surveillance within its EEZ as a provocative violation of its sovereignty
- Chinese aggressive claims in South China Seas motivated by three strategic goals
- China attempting to use UNCLOS to bind participants to its interpretation of military activities clause, U.S. should not play along
- Current interest in arctic development gives special urgency to US need to ratify UNCLOS
- Concerns over jurisdiction of UNCLOS tribunals are overstated for three reasons
- Completely unacceptable for US to be outside of UNCLOS as key amendments are being discussed
- China's dependence on resources could force it to become more aggressive in its bid to gain access to Arctic resources
- China has a substantial and committed effort to assert its influence over future of Arctic region
- China views US non signatory status to UNCLOS as a liability it can exploit to gain access to Arctic resources
- China views coming resource struggle in Arctic as possibly leading to military conflict
- China and Iran challenging U.S. operations because of its non-party status to UNCLOS
- China is resisting multilateral negotiation efforts over South China Seas disputes
- China expanding ties with Iceland to gain access to Arctic resources
- Creating an international tribunal for cybercrime based on UNCLOS model would help deter and resolve cybercrime
- Convention has support of broad coalition of military, commercial, political, and environmental interests
- China has begun conducting intelligence gathering operations in U.S. EEZ, in a reversal of its previous interpretation of UNCLOS
- CLCS is not a mediation venue but a agency empowered to make binding scientific rulings on nation state claims under UNCLOS article 76
- China actively pursuing Arctic science and expanding relations with Arctic countries
- Chinese practice and policy are at odds with UNCLOS agreement
- China has disagreed with principle of EEZ in UNCLOS since initial discussions
- China's excessive claims are a threat to the global commons and China's own role
- China's excessive claims run counter to its global economic ambitions and its own territorial defense strategy
- China's claims are without legal merit and reflect an aggressive military approach to test limits of international community